{"id":8162,"date":"2021-02-28T09:54:15","date_gmt":"2021-02-28T09:54:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/seomenta.com\/al-dirassa\/?p=8162"},"modified":"2025-01-29T16:37:59","modified_gmt":"2025-01-29T15:37:59","slug":"le-hadith-est-il-une-source-fiable-pour-l-historien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/le-hadith-est-il-une-source-fiable-pour-l-historien\/","title":{"rendered":"Fiabilit\u00e9 du Hadith en tant que Source Historique : Analyse pour l\u2019Historien"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8162\" class=\"elementor elementor-8162\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-97f1b5c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"97f1b5c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-208a197\" data-id=\"208a197\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cad74f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cad74f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fiabilit\u00e9 du Hadith en tant que Source Historique : Analyse pour l\u2019Historien<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98ff942 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98ff942\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a44d30d\" data-id=\"a44d30d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b96a9d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b96a9d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Le-hadith-est-il-une-source-fiable-pour-lhistorien-.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8704\" alt=\"Le hadith est-il une source fiable pour l\u2019historien\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8146d41 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8146d41\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6861772\" data-id=\"6861772\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb5218d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb5218d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">La m\u00e9thode moderne de critique historique, qui a \u00e9volu\u00e9 depuis l&rsquo;\u00e9poque de la Renaissance et des Lumi\u00e8res en Europe, a radicalement chang\u00e9 la mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;\u00e9valuer historiquement les sources bibliques dans les universit\u00e9s occidentales. Les histoires des proph\u00e8tes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9es en mythes religieux, et des personnalit\u00e9s historiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9es au lieu de leurs homologues mythiques. Ainsi, nous avons aujourd&rsquo;hui le Mo\u00efse historique vis-\u00e0-vis du Mo\u00efse mythique, et le J\u00e9sus historique vis-\u00e0-vis du J\u00e9sus mythique.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Cependant, dans le monde universitaire islamique, depuis l&rsquo;\u00e9poque du proph\u00e8te Mouhammed \ufdfa, il \u00e9tait apparemment clair pour les \u00e9rudits musulmans que les histoires trouv\u00e9es dans la Bible, appel\u00e9es Isra\u02bciliyyat (arabe \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a), n&rsquo;\u00e9taient pas historiquement fiables. Ces \u00e9rudits les ont totalement rejet\u00e9s ou les ont rapport\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat de leur propre sujet, mais jamais comme une source s\u00e9rieuse d&rsquo;histoire. Dans le m\u00eame temps, les musulmans ont non seulement rejet\u00e9 ce qui n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas fiable, mais ils ont \u00e9galement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une m\u00e9thode critique sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent pour la v\u00e9rification du r\u00e9cit historique, appel\u00e9e ulum al-hadith (sciences du hadith).<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Ce que nous connaissons de notre Proph\u00e8te \ufdfa et de la plus grande partie de l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;Islam ancien est le fruit de cette m\u00e9thode. Alors que nous croyons en la promesse d&rsquo;Allah \u00ab En v\u00e9rit\u00e9 c&rsquo;est Nous qui avons fait descendre le Coran, et c&rsquo;est Nous qui en sommes gardien \u00bb (Sourate al-Hijr 15:9), nous n&rsquo;y croyons pas comme une question relevant de l&rsquo;invisible, plut\u00f4t, nous pouvons historiquement prouver et montrer comment le Coran et la Sunna ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s. Ainsi, il nous semblerait que la mani\u00e8re dont l&rsquo;Acad\u00e9mie occidentale a critiqu\u00e9 les r\u00e9cits de la Bible, en les transformant pour la plupart en mythes (histoires qui ne peuvent \u00eatre v\u00e9rifi\u00e9es historiquement), ne peut s&rsquo;appliquer aux sources de l&rsquo;Islam et aux r\u00e9cits des hadiths qui ont tant en commun avec la m\u00eame approche critique des savants occidentaux.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Cependant, cela serait probablement une surprise pour quiconque lirait les principaux \u00e9crits orientalistes sur les premi\u00e8res traditions islamiques, qu&rsquo;ils aient appliqu\u00e9 la m\u00eame approche sceptique \u00e0 la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths et rendu la plus grande partie de l&rsquo;histoire islamique ancienne (\u00e0 savoir la Sira du Proph\u00e8te \ufdfa et les p\u00e9riodes des Califes bien guid\u00e9s) comme un mythe religieux ![1]<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Cet article analysera pourquoi les \u00e9rudits occidentaux ont tir\u00e9 ces conclusions et si l&rsquo;un de leurs doutes devrait \u00eatre pris au s\u00e9rieux par les musulmans en remettant en question l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 historique de la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths. Il sera d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que la critique occidentale est non seulement sans fondement, mais que nous pouvons affirmer avec assez de confiance que la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths repr\u00e9sente la source la plus fiable de l&rsquo;histoire pr\u00e9moderne.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b56899 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b56899\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a21e746\" data-id=\"a21e746\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2e7d27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a2e7d27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Que dit l'universit\u00e9 occidentale de la fiabilit\u00e9 des hadiths ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46e2bf7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46e2bf7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6eb3643\" data-id=\"6eb3643\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8a8778 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e8a8778\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Les questions de l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 de la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths et de l&rsquo;historicit\u00e9 des premiers r\u00e9cits islamiques sont probablement les questions les plus d\u00e9battues dans les cercles actuels des orientalistes. Certains d&rsquo;entre eux l&rsquo;ont compl\u00e8tement rejet\u00e9e et ont m\u00eame dout\u00e9 de l&rsquo;existence du Proph\u00e8te \ufdfa (cette th\u00e9orie a maintenant \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9e par les orientalistes eux-m\u00eames) [1], tandis que d&rsquo;autres l&rsquo;ont accept\u00e9e avec la m\u00eame confiance pour l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 des ahadith (plur. de hadith) que les musulmans l&rsquo;ont fait [2].<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Cependant, la tendance actuelle se compose de ceux qui disent que tous les ahadith devraient \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme faux sauf preuve contraire, et ceux qui disent que tous les ahadith devraient \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme vrais sauf preuve contraire. Discuter de toutes ces \u00e9coles prendra beaucoup de temps et n&rsquo;est pas le but de cet article. Nous discuterons plut\u00f4t des pr\u00e9misses occidentales g\u00e9n\u00e9rales, qui, esp\u00e9rons-le, nous montreront que toute discussion sur leurs m\u00e9thodes n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9cessaire pour rejeter leurs fausses conclusions.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Tout d&rsquo;abord, demandons-nous pourquoi et comment les orientalistes ont rejet\u00e9 la litt\u00e9rature hadith ? Comme les sciences du hadith (ulum al-hadith) ne sont pas des sciences mystiques ou dogmatiques fond\u00e9es sur la croyance en l&rsquo;invisible. Nous n&rsquo;acceptons pas sa validit\u00e9 \u00e0 cause d&rsquo;un commandement du Coran ou du Proph\u00e8te, et n&rsquo;y croyons pas aveugl\u00e9ment comme les chr\u00e9tiens croient en l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 mystique de la Bible. Au contraire, notre croyance en elle est bas\u00e9e sur la raison et la logique pures [3] qui, comme mentionn\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, sont tr\u00e8s similaires \u00e0 la m\u00e9thode critique moderne. Ainsi, il serait raisonnable de supposer que la seule fa\u00e7on de critiquer l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 des ahadith passe par le d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement de toute la m\u00e9thodologie ulum al-hadith, ce qui serait cens\u00e9 montrer qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas efficace de filtrer le r\u00e9el des narrations fabriqu\u00e9es. Cependant, ce n&rsquo;est pas le cas.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-375e75e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"375e75e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f6187d\" data-id=\"4f6187d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c76464 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c76464\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pourquoi les orientalistes ont rejet\u00e9 le hadith ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-25eb3a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"25eb3a2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d7580ff\" data-id=\"d7580ff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f017da0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f017da0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">La principale raison pour laquelle les orientalistes ont rejet\u00e9 la m\u00e9thodologie musulmane traditionnelle de la critique des hadiths \u00e9tait la pr\u00e9sence de hadiths anachroniques et fantaisistes qui, selon eux, ne pouvaient pas repr\u00e9senter les faits historiques et sont des fabrications claires cr\u00e9\u00e9es par les musulmans ult\u00e9rieurs [4].<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Par anachronisme, ils d\u00e9signent clairement les proph\u00e9ties du Proph\u00e8te, et par hadiths fantaisistes, ils d\u00e9signent les miracles accomplis par lui \ufdfa. Ainsi, nous voyons que la seule fa\u00e7on de rejeter la m\u00e9thode traditionnelle de critique des hadiths \u00e9tait de supposer que le <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Proph\u00e8te \ufdfa n&rsquo;\u00e9tait qu&rsquo;un homme et que les miracles sont impossibles. De toute \u00e9vidence, c&rsquo;est un tas de pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s la\u00efcs qui ont guid\u00e9 les recherches occidentales dans le domaine de l&rsquo;histoire islamique primitive, et certains orientalistes commencent eux-m\u00eames \u00e0 le remarquer [5].<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Ainsi, au lieu d&rsquo;\u00e9tudier l&rsquo;ulum al-hadith et de critiquer sa m\u00e9thodologie, en raison des hypoth\u00e8ses mentionn\u00e9es ci-dessus, ils l&rsquo;ont rejet\u00e9 comme n&rsquo;\u00e9tant pas digne d&rsquo;enqu\u00eate et ont plut\u00f4t cr\u00e9\u00e9 leurs propres m\u00e9thodologies de critique des hadiths sans m\u00eame tenter de supposer la possibilit\u00e9 que le Proph\u00e8te \ufdfa \u00e9tait un v\u00e9ritable proph\u00e8te et \u00e9tait capable d&rsquo;accomplir des miracles ou d&rsquo;avoir des connaissances sur certains des \u00e9v\u00e9nements futurs. Ici, on pourrait faire valoir en outre que si une conclusion scientifique valide n\u00e9cessite une recherche valide avec une hypoth\u00e8se pour qu&rsquo;une hypoth\u00e8se soit valide, ce qui prouve qu&rsquo;elle est vraie ou fausse, alors le rejet de la m\u00e9thodologie ulum al-hadith dans l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 occidentale n&rsquo;est pas scientifique !<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f36066f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f36066f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9cb426\" data-id=\"c9cb426\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf0c5be elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf0c5be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c0 quel point la litt\u00e9rature du hadith est-elle vraiment authentique?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4e89840 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4e89840\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d3d960\" data-id=\"4d3d960\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d07001 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d07001\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Lorsque le premier hadith avec sa cha\u00eene et son explication de la r\u00e8gle d&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 (sahih ou daif) atteint quelqu&rsquo;un qui n&rsquo;a jamais appris la m\u00e9thodologie de la critique traditionnelle des hadiths, l&rsquo;hypoth\u00e8se principale qui vient probablement \u00e0 l&rsquo;esprit est que, comme les gens du d\u00e9but de la p\u00e9riode islamique avaient de bonnes m\u00e9moires, ils \u00e9taient capables de m\u00e9moriser des r\u00e9cits, ils vivaient aussi dans de petites communaut\u00e9s, donc, ils se connaissaient tr\u00e8s bien et il n&rsquo;y avait aucune difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 diff\u00e9rencier un narrateur digne de confiance d&rsquo;un possible menteur.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Ces hypoth\u00e8ses \u00e0 elles seules sont suffisamment convaincantes pour croire \u00e0 l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 des hadiths et \u00e0 la probabilit\u00e9 que des r\u00e9cits peu fiables aient \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9s tout en \u00e9tant dignes de confiance. Cependant, l&rsquo;ulum al-hadith et l&rsquo;histoire de la collecte des hadiths sont bien plus que cela. En fait, le syst\u00e8me par lequel les hadiths ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s pourrait \u00eatre compar\u00e9 \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me informatique moderne, qui a le plus haut niveau de protection contre les erreurs.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Depuis l&rsquo;\u00e9poque des sahaba, un groupe sp\u00e9cifique d&rsquo;\u00e9rudits des hadiths a \u00e9merg\u00e9, qui ont consacr\u00e9 toute leur vie \u00e0 la m\u00e9morisation et \u00e0 la transmission des hadiths. Ces savants \u00e9taient supervis\u00e9s par leurs propres cercles savants et leurs \u00e9tudiants. Si l&rsquo;un d&rsquo;eux avait un mauvais souvenir il \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s facile pour les \u00e9l\u00e8ves de le retrouver, \u00e0 une telle pr\u00e9cision qu&rsquo;on conna\u00eet aujourd&rsquo;hui l&rsquo;heure exacte \u00e0 laquelle certains des souvenirs des narrateurs sont devenus mauvais [6] !<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">De plus, un \u00e9rudit n&rsquo;est pas une personne ordinaire, beaucoup de gens le connaissent, et parfois il devient c\u00e9l\u00e8bre dans de tr\u00e8s grands domaines. Et sa biographie (sous quels savants a-t-il \u00e9tudi\u00e9 et ainsi de suite) est facilement enregistr\u00e9e, ainsi, toute mauvaise action de sa part \u00e9tait perceptible, et la fiabilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un savant pouvait \u00eatre \u00e9tablie ou invalid\u00e9e sans gros efforts. En m\u00eame temps, le savant connaissait ses \u00e9tudiants et leur loyaut\u00e9. Et tout cela s&rsquo;est produit alors que les musulmans \u00e9taient bien au courant du hadith, dans lequel le messager d&rsquo;Allah dit : \u00ab Quiconque ment d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9ment \u00e0 mon sujet, qu&rsquo;il prenne sa place en Enfer \u00bb. Ce hadith est mutawatir, ce qui signifie qu&rsquo;il \u00e9tait tellement r\u00e9pandu et connu depuis l&rsquo;\u00e9poque des sahaba, qu&rsquo;il est impossible qu&rsquo;il soit faux [7]. De plus, d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de l&rsquo;Islam, les savants avaient l&rsquo;habitude d&rsquo;\u00e9crire leurs hadiths pour eux-m\u00eames comme support pour leur m\u00e9morisation [8].<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Compte tenu de toutes ces circonstances, au lieu de voir le processus de pr\u00e9servation des hadiths comme un effort humain avec toutes ses limites et ses possibilit\u00e9s d&rsquo;erreurs, nous devrions plut\u00f4t le consid\u00e9rer comme la technologie de la machine savante avec tous les freins et contrepoids pour \u00e9viter les fausses narrations. Cela rend les hadiths non seulement une source authentique d&rsquo;histoire, mais encore plus authentique que toute autre source contemporaine \u00e9crite que les historiens utilisent pour la reconstruction de l&rsquo;histoire. En fait, nous pouvons dire que les hadiths repr\u00e9sentent la source la plus fiable de l&rsquo;histoire pr\u00e9moderne, et si une biographie d&rsquo;une personnalit\u00e9 historique peut \u00eatre reconstitu\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re authentique, alors cette personne doit \u00eatre le proph\u00e8te Mouhamed \ufdfa.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-577ea5c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"577ea5c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce3ac2e\" data-id=\"ce3ac2e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c3b312 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0c3b312\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/books-2463779_1920.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8706\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4219eb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4219eb6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1b160e\" data-id=\"e1b160e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c83ee2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c83ee2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Certaines des preuves g\u00e9n\u00e9rales de l'authenticit\u00e9 historique des hadiths<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bfb43b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bfb43b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7311797\" data-id=\"7311797\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65d4fd5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65d4fd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">La premi\u00e8re chose que l&rsquo;historien demande \u00e0 propos de tout \u00e9v\u00e9nement historique est de savoir si cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement est possible. Par exemple, si nous lisions un manuscrit de papyrus, qui d\u00e9clarerait que le calife Omar est entr\u00e9 une fois dans la chambre de <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">son fils et l&rsquo;a r\u00e9primand\u00e9 pour avoir jou\u00e9 \u00e0 un jeu vid\u00e9o, il serait directement rejet\u00e9 comme contrefa\u00e7on, car il est impossible de jouer \u00e0 des jeux vid\u00e9o \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque. Appliquons ce principe \u00e0 la narration orientaliste selon laquelle on ne peut pas faire confiance \u00e0 la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths car elle n&rsquo;a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9crite que deux cents ans apr\u00e8s les \u00e9v\u00e9nements qu&rsquo;ils d\u00e9crivent et par les musulmans eux-m\u00eames qui \u00e9taient cens\u00e9s avoir un parti pris envers ce qu&rsquo;ils ont \u00e9crit.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Selon cette narration, la plupart des hadiths connus ont \u00e9t\u00e9 forg\u00e9s \u00e0 la fin des premiers et deuxi\u00e8mes si\u00e8cles de l&rsquo;h\u00e9gire. Et, pour faire court, cela signifierait que toutes les diff\u00e9rentes sectes et groupes politiques de musulmans, qui avaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 des combats et des d\u00e9saccords apr\u00e8s la premi\u00e8re fitnah, et couvraient le monde de l&rsquo;Andalousie \u00e0 l&rsquo;Inde, ont d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de s&rsquo;entendre sur la plus grande conspiration en l&rsquo;histoire de l&rsquo;humanit\u00e9 et a invent\u00e9 tant d&rsquo;ahadith, qui sont non seulement devenus une source commune pour leurs \u00e9coles de fiqh, mais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9s dans une narration traditionnelle de l&rsquo;histoire islamique qui est presque enti\u00e8rement accept\u00e9e par tous les musulmans malgr\u00e9 leurs diff\u00e9rences dans les visions du monde politiques ou sectaires.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Si ce r\u00e9cit est vrai et que l&rsquo;invention d&rsquo;ahadith fabriqu\u00e9s \u00e9tait une r\u00e8gle plut\u00f4t qu&rsquo;une exception (comme la fabrication a vraiment eu lieu, mais les faux ahadith ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9s par les principaux savants avec l&rsquo;aide de la m\u00e9thodologie de l\u2019ulum al-hadith), alors nous aurions d\u00fb observer compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rentes histoires islamiques, des \u00e9coles de jurisprudence compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rentes et des sectes religieuses compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rentes. Mais la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est que m\u00eame les groupes de musulmans qui se battaient dans les guerres et les d\u00e9bats religieux se sont mis d&rsquo;accord sur la plupart des \u00e9v\u00e9nements \u00ab fabriqu\u00e9s \u00bb ! Une telle conspiration est historiquement impossible [9].<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Il est vraiment ironique que les m\u00eames personnes qui ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 ce r\u00e9cit soient connues comme des sceptiques, mais apparemment, elles ont compl\u00e8tement oubli\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00eatre sceptiques envers elles-m\u00eames et ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 une histoire absurde et m\u00eame ridicule de falsification d&rsquo;ahadith.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Le deuxi\u00e8me facteur qui indique la fiabilit\u00e9 de la litt\u00e9rature du hadith fait partie de la m\u00e9thodologie de l\u2019ulum al-hadith elle-m\u00eame. Lorsqu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agit de la critique des hadiths, et sp\u00e9cifiquement de l&rsquo;indication de faux (hadith mawdu), l&rsquo;outil principal pour cela n&rsquo;est pas seulement la critique de la cha\u00eene, mais la critique de la narration. Pour accuser un savant de fabrication, il faut \u00e9tablir que le narrateur est un menteur, et cela est souvent r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par la comparaison des hadiths avec le Coran, d&rsquo;autres ahadith bien connus, ou le consensus des savants [10].<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Si le hadith en question contredit les sources bien \u00e9tablies, alors il est reconnu comme une fabrication. Cela indique un noyau fort et monolithique de la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths qui n&rsquo;accepte pas les contradictions, qui ne peuvent exister que si l\u2019origine en est une source. Fait int\u00e9ressant, cela s&rsquo;applique non seulement aux fabrications, mais aussi aux faibles ahadith. Des \u00e9rudits de haut niveau qui ont beaucoup \u00e9tudi\u00e9 les hadiths et en ont m\u00e9moris\u00e9 une partie importante attestent qu&rsquo;ils peuvent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement ressentir quand le hadith est faible m\u00eame sans enqu\u00eate sur sa cha\u00eene. Ceci est similaire \u00e0 un cas o\u00f9 l&rsquo;on devient le ma\u00eetre d&rsquo;un certain auteur litt\u00e9raire et peut diff\u00e9rencier ses \u0153uvres originales et les fausses attributions. Ce type d&rsquo;indication serait impossible si la litt\u00e9rature hadith \u00e9tait l&rsquo;\u0153uvre d&rsquo;un groupe de personnes.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Cependant, on pourrait soutenir ici que cela indique seulement qu&rsquo;un groupe de conspirateurs s&rsquo;est mis d&rsquo;accord sur un tas d&rsquo;ahadith et a rejet\u00e9 les ahadith d&rsquo;autres groupes rivaux. Cela signifierait que les chiites cr\u00e9aient des ahadiths chiites et rejetaient tout ce qui soutenait les doctrines sunnites, tandis que les sunnites cr\u00e9aient des ahadiths sunnites et rejetaient tout ce qui contredisait leur doctrine. Par cons\u00e9quent, aujourd&rsquo;hui, un \u00e9rudit sunnite peut sentir quand le hadith est faible ou fabriqu\u00e9 parce qu&rsquo;il ne correspond tout simplement pas \u00e0 la doctrine sunnite. Bien que cette explication semble convaincante, elle n&rsquo;explique pas pourquoi alors tant de hadiths sont accept\u00e9s par toutes les sectes islamiques ? Pourquoi le Fiqh des chiites ne contredit pas compl\u00e8tement le Fiqh des sunnites mais est assez similaire ? Pourquoi n&rsquo;y a-t-il pas de r\u00e9cit sunnite de l&rsquo;histoire islamique et de r\u00e9cit chiite ou kharijite qui serait compl\u00e8tement diff\u00e9rent ? Pourquoi un \u00e9rudit serait-il d&rsquo;accord avec une narration invent\u00e9e d&rsquo;un autre \u00e9rudit d&rsquo;une secte rivale ?<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Toutes ces questions indiquent le fait que la source de la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths est une, et s&rsquo;il est vrai que tant d&rsquo;ahadiths ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fabriqu\u00e9s, les savants qui ont adh\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la source primaire n&rsquo;ont eu aucun probl\u00e8me \u00e0 filtrer ces ahadiths avec une m\u00e9thode scientifique de critique des hadiths.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3891a18 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3891a18\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a488403\" data-id=\"a488403\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce5e54a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ce5e54a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e549d23 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e549d23\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f714718\" data-id=\"f714718\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa72717 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aa72717\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Lorsque l&rsquo;un des principaux orientalistes Bernard Lewis a \u00e9t\u00e9 consult\u00e9 avant l&rsquo;invasion de l&rsquo;Irak, il a \u00e9crit que \u00ab Soit nous leur apportons la libert\u00e9, soit ils nous d\u00e9truisent \u00bb [11]. Cette d\u00e9claration \u00e0 elle seule devrait soulever un grand point d&rsquo;interrogation pour nous lorsque nous traitons de tout ce que les orientalistes disent, car l&rsquo;implication de la question de la fiabilit\u00e9 des hadiths dans les universit\u00e9s occidentales n&rsquo;est pas sans cons\u00e9quences graves.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Si ce n&rsquo;est pas authentique et que toute l&rsquo;histoire islamique primitive n&rsquo;est qu&rsquo;un mythe religieux, alors la colonisation et l&rsquo;application des valeurs occidentales aux pays musulmans deviennent une lib\u00e9ration des personnes sans instruction et superstitieuses qui suivent une religion artificielle avec qui fait la loi et qui doit \u00eatre chang\u00e9e parce <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">que l&rsquo;homme a besoin de faire des progr\u00e8s. Ce qui serait la destruction d&rsquo;une grande civilisation b\u00e2tie sur les enseignements du Proph\u00e8te \ufdfa devient soudain un acte moral de lib\u00e9ration du mensonge et de l&rsquo;arri\u00e9ration.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Ainsi, dans cet article, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 montr\u00e9 que les orientalistes non seulement n&rsquo;ont pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 r\u00e9futer la m\u00e9thodologie de l&rsquo;ulum al-hadith, mais qu&rsquo;ils n&rsquo;ont m\u00eame pas essay\u00e9 de le faire. Au contraire, ils ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 leurs propres m\u00e9thodologies sp\u00e9culatives avec diverses conclusions sur la fiabilit\u00e9 des hadiths. Avant d&rsquo;essayer de traiter scientifiquement la m\u00e9thode musulmane traditionnelle, aucune de leurs conclusions ne devrait \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une tentative scientifique s\u00e9rieuse, mais devrait \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e avec prudence et un grand scepticisme en raison du besoin imp\u00e9rialiste des m\u00eames conclusions que ces \u00ab savants \u00bb fabriquent. De plus, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 montr\u00e9 que ce sont leurs conclusions qui sont mythiques et historiquement impossibles, et qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;y a pas seulement une bonne raison de faire confiance \u00e0 l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 de la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths, mais qu&rsquo;on peut affirmer avec confiance, qu&rsquo;elle est plus authentique que n&rsquo;importe quel autre source de l&rsquo;histoire pr\u00e9moderne.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">En conclusion, la litt\u00e9rature des hadiths repr\u00e9sente une source historique pr\u00e9cieuse et fiable qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e avec soin par des \u00e9rudits musulmans \u00e0 travers les si\u00e8cles. Les arguments des orientalistes occidentaux qui remettent en question la fiabilit\u00e9 des hadiths sont bas\u00e9s sur des pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s et des hypoth\u00e8ses erron\u00e9es. Les m\u00e9thodologies de critique des hadiths, telles que l&rsquo;ulum al-hadith, ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 leur efficacit\u00e9 dans la pr\u00e9servation de la pr\u00e9cision historique des r\u00e9cits. Il est important pour les musulmans de reconna\u00eetre la valeur de cette tradition et de continuer \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tudier et \u00e0 la transmettre aux g\u00e9n\u00e9rations futures.<\/span><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences de l&rsquo;article<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[1] Jane Dammen McAuliffe, The Cambridge Companion To The Qur\u02bca\u0304n (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), p. 100.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[2] Nabia Abbott, Studies In Arabic Literary Papyri II (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1967), p. 2.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[3] \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631: \u06376\u060c 1432\u0647\/2011\u0645)\u060c \u063517.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[4] Fred M. Donner, Narratives Of Islamic Origins (Princeton: The Darwin Press, 1998), p. 9.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[5] A. F. L. Beeston et al., Arabic Literature To The End Of The Umayyad Period (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983), p. 321.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[6] \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631: \u06376\u060c 1432\u0647\/2011\u0645)\u060c \u0635251.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[7] Ibid, p. 146.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[8] Ibid, p. 58.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[9] J. A. C. Brown, \u00ab\u00a0Encyclopedia Of Canonical Hadith * BY G. H. A. JUYNBOLL\u00a0\u00bb, Journal Of Islamic Studies 19, no. 3 (2008): 391-397, doi:10.1093\/jis\/etn054.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[10] \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c (\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631: \u06376\u060c 1432\u0647\/2011\u0645)\u060c \u0635218-219.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">[11] Douglas Martin, \u00ab\u00a0Bernard Lewis, Influential Scholar Of Islam, Is Dead At 101\u00a0\u00bb, Nytimes.Com, 2018, <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/05\/21\/obituaries\/bernard-lewis-islam-scholar-dies.html\" target=\"_new\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/05\/21\/obituaries\/bernard-lewis-islam-scholar-dies.html<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c62bac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c62bac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ea5109b\" data-id=\"ea5109b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d477aca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d477aca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nos \u00e9l\u00e8ves parlent de Nous<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f175a87 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f175a87\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18ae388\" data-id=\"18ae388\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5140f57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5140f57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\">Quelques t\u00e9moignages de nos \u00e9tudiants nous ayant rejoints et partageant leur exp\u00e9rience avec grand plaisir.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-550f2a9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"550f2a9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc2f461\" data-id=\"fc2f461\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d0b4ecf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d0b4ecf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-911b897\" data-id=\"911b897\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89b74b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"89b74b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"cr-reviews-slider\" id=\"cr-reviews-slider-69e0143c834c5\" data-slick='{\"infinite\":true,\"dots\":true,\"slidesToShow\":\"4\",\"slidesToScroll\":1,\"adaptiveHeight\":true,\"autoplay\":false,\"responsive\":[{\"breakpoint\":800,\"settings\":{\"slidesToShow\":2}},{\"breakpoint\":650,\"settings\":{\"slidesToShow\":1}},{\"breakpoint\":450,\"settings\":{\"arrows\":false,\"slidesToShow\":1}}]}' style=\"border-color:#ebebeb;\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card-inner\" style=\"border-color:#ebebeb;background-color:#ffffff;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"top-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"anthonny prost\" 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class=\"reviewer-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tanthonny prost\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-verified\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cr-reviewer-verified\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/verified.svg\" alt=\"Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"crstar-rating-svg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Note 5 sur 5\"><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-base\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-frnt\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t5\/5\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"middle-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tr\u00e8s bien<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-review-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-badge\"><p class=\"ivole-verified-badge\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/shield-20.png\" alt=\"Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" class=\"ivole-verified-badge-icon\"><span class=\"ivole-verified-badge-text\">Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 - <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cusrev.com\/reviews\/institut-al-dirassa\/p\/p-2437\/r-34401\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">voir l\u2019original<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"datetime\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIl y a 4 mois\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-product\" style=\"background-color:#f4f4f4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-product-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/pack-tilmidh.jpg\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail size-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail\" alt=\"pack tilmidh pour apprendre l&#039;arabe, le Coran et l&#039;islam en ligne\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"product-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/produit\/pack-libre\/\">Pack Tilmidh | Cours d'arabe, de Coran et d'Islam en ligne<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card-inner\" style=\"border-color:#ebebeb;background-color:#ffffff;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"top-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Anonyme\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,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\" width=\"56\" height=\"56\" class=\"cr-avatar\"><div class=\"cr-avatar-check\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#FFFFFF\" d=\"m10 16.4l-4-4L7.4 11l2.6 2.6L16.6 7L18 8.4Z\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAnonyme\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-verified\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cr-reviewer-verified\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/verified.svg\" alt=\"Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"crstar-rating-svg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Note 5 sur 5\"><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-base\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-frnt\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t5\/5\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"middle-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alhamdoulilah, apr\u00e8s quelques s\u00e9ances seulement il y a une nette am\u00e9lioration dans ma lecture du Coran. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-review-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-badge\"><p class=\"ivole-verified-badge\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/shield-20.png\" alt=\"Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" class=\"ivole-verified-badge-icon\"><span class=\"ivole-verified-badge-text\">Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 - <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cusrev.com\/reviews\/institut-al-dirassa\/p\/p-2443\/r-33108\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">voir l\u2019original<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"datetime\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIl y a 7 mois\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-product\" style=\"background-color:#f4f4f4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-product-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/pack-talib.jpg\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail size-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail\" alt=\"pack talib pour apprendre l&#039;arabe, le Coran et l&#039;islam en ligne\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"product-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/produit\/pack-starter\/\">Pack Talib | Cours d'arabe, de Coran et d'Islam en ligne<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card-inner\" style=\"border-color:#ebebeb;background-color:#ffffff;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"top-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Isabelle K.\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,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\" width=\"56\" height=\"56\" class=\"cr-avatar\"><div class=\"cr-avatar-check\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#FFFFFF\" d=\"m10 16.4l-4-4L7.4 11l2.6 2.6L16.6 7L18 8.4Z\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIsabelle K.\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-verified\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cr-reviewer-verified\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/verified.svg\" alt=\"Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"crstar-rating-svg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Note 5 sur 5\"><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-base\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-frnt\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t5\/5\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"middle-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tr\u00e8s bons cours je suis avec une professeure qui peut m\u2019expliquer si je ne comprends pas je peux m\u2019exprimer en arabe et me faire corriger en cas de fautes c\u2019est interactif j\u2019avance \u00e0 mon allure <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-review-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-badge\"><p class=\"ivole-verified-badge\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/shield-20.png\" alt=\"Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" class=\"ivole-verified-badge-icon\"><span class=\"ivole-verified-badge-text\">Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 - <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cusrev.com\/reviews\/institut-al-dirassa\/p\/p-2445\/r-33098\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">voir l\u2019original<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"datetime\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIl y a 7 mois\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-product\" style=\"background-color:#f4f4f4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-product-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/pack-moumtaz.png\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail size-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail\" alt=\"pack moumtaz\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"product-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/produit\/pack-intensif\/\">Pack Moumtaz | Cours d'arabe, de Coran et d'Islam en ligne<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card-inner\" style=\"border-color:#ebebeb;background-color:#ffffff;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"top-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Aissatou Bald\u00e9\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,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\" width=\"56\" height=\"56\" class=\"cr-avatar\"><div class=\"cr-avatar-check\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#FFFFFF\" d=\"m10 16.4l-4-4L7.4 11l2.6 2.6L16.6 7L18 8.4Z\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAissatou Bald\u00e9\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-verified\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cr-reviewer-verified\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/verified.svg\" alt=\"Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"crstar-rating-svg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Note 5 sur 5\"><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-base\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-frnt\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t5\/5\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"middle-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Je suis ravie de suivre ma formation au sein de votre \u00e9cole en ligne depuis la Guin\u00e9e . La m\u00e9thode d\u2019apprentissage est \u00e0 la fois simple et tr\u00e8s efficace. En seulement un an, j\u2019ai \u00e9norm\u00e9ment progress\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ma professeure Alaa, dont la bienveillance et le professionnalisme m\u2019ont profond\u00e9ment marqu\u00e9e. Elle accorde une grande importance \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9coute active, ce qui rend chaque cours enrichissant et motivant.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-review-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-badge\"><p class=\"ivole-verified-badge\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/shield-20.png\" alt=\"Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" class=\"ivole-verified-badge-icon\"><span class=\"ivole-verified-badge-text\">Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 - <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cusrev.com\/reviews\/institut-al-dirassa\/p\/p-2444\/r-32839\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">voir l\u2019original<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"datetime\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIl y a 8 mois\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-product\" style=\"background-color:#f4f4f4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-product-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/pack-moujtahid.jpg\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail size-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail\" alt=\"pack Moujtahid pour apprendre l&#039;arabe, le Coran et l&#039;islam en ligne\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"product-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/produit\/pack-regulier\/\">pack Moujtahid | Cours d'arabe, de Coran et d'Islam en ligne<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-review-card-inner\" style=\"border-color:#ebebeb;background-color:#ffffff;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"top-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Soulaimane Daghnoun\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,CgkJCQkJCTxzdmcgd2lkdGg9IjU2IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjU2IiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIj4KCQkJCQkJCTxyZWN0IHg9IjAiIHk9IjAiIHdpZHRoPSI1NiIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1NiIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6ICNDQ0QxRDQiPjwvcmVjdD4KCQkJCQkJCTx0ZXh0IHg9IjUwJSIgeT0iNTAlIiBkeT0iLjFlbSIgZmlsbD0iIzRENUQ2NCIgdGV4dC1hbmNob3I9Im1pZGRsZSIgZG9taW5hbnQtYmFzZWxpbmU9Im1pZGRsZSIgc3R5bGU9ImZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OiBzYW5zLXNlcmlmOyBmb250LXNpemU6IDI4OyBsaW5lLWhlaWdodDogMSI+U0Q8L3RleHQ+CgkJCQkJCTwvc3ZnPgoJCQkJCQ==\" width=\"56\" height=\"56\" class=\"cr-avatar\"><div class=\"cr-avatar-check\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#FFFFFF\" d=\"m10 16.4l-4-4L7.4 11l2.6 2.6L16.6 7L18 8.4Z\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSoulaimane Daghnoun\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"reviewer-verified\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cr-reviewer-verified\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/verified.svg\" alt=\"Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>Utilisateur v\u00e9rifi\u00e9<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"crstar-rating-svg\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Note 3 sur 5\"><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-base\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\"  stroke=\"currentColor\"  stroke-width=\"2\"  stroke-linecap=\"round\"  stroke-linejoin=\"round\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon-bg\" style=\"stroke: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M12 17.75l-6.172 3.245l1.179 -6.873l-5 -4.867l6.9 -1l3.086 -6.253l3.086 6.253l6.9 1l-5 4.867l1.179 6.873z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><div class=\"cr-rating-icon-frnt\" style=\"width:60%;\">\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n\n<svg  xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  width=\"24\"  height=\"24\"  viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"currentColor\"  class=\"cr-rating-icon\" style=\"fill: #FFD707;\"><path stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\" fill=\"none\"\/><path d=\"M8.243 7.34l-6.38 .925l-.113 .023a1 1 0 0 0 -.44 1.684l4.622 4.499l-1.09 6.355l-.013 .11a1 1 0 0 0 1.464 .944l5.706 -3l5.693 3l.1 .046a1 1 0 0 0 1.352 -1.1l-1.091 -6.355l4.624 -4.5l.078 -.085a1 1 0 0 0 -.633 -1.62l-6.38 -.926l-2.852 -5.78a1 1 0 0 0 -1.794 0l-2.853 5.78z\" \/><\/svg>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rating-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t3\/5\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"middle-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Salam alaykum, les cours de tajwid se passent bien pour l'instant al hamdullilah.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-review-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"verified-badge\"><p class=\"ivole-verified-badge\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/plugins\/customer-reviews-woocommerce\/img\/shield-20.png\" alt=\"Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9\" class=\"ivole-verified-badge-icon\"><span class=\"ivole-verified-badge-text\">Avis v\u00e9rifi\u00e9 - <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cusrev.com\/reviews\/institut-al-dirassa\/p\/p-2437\/r-32594\" title=\"\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">voir l\u2019original<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"datetime\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIl y a 9 mois\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-product\" style=\"background-color:#f4f4f4;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cr-product-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/pack-tilmidh.jpg\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail size-woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail\" alt=\"pack tilmidh pour apprendre l&#039;arabe, le Coran et l&#039;islam en ligne\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"product-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/produit\/pack-libre\/\">Pack Tilmidh | Cours d'arabe, de Coran et d'Islam en ligne<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf746b7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf746b7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2db5a45\" data-id=\"2db5a45\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8217ec2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8217ec2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 24pt; color: #000080;\">R\u00e9servez votre cours d&rsquo;essai gratuit<\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div><strong><span style=\"font-size: 29px; color: #000080;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/div><div style=\"text-align: center;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Vous voulez enfin savoir lire le Coran, discuter en arabe avec vos enfants, et \u00e9tudier l&rsquo;islam sans passer par la traduction.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">30 minutes gratuites offertes avec ton professeur \u00e9gyptien dipl\u00f4m\u00e9.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p><div><span style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: #000000; background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div><\/div><div><strong style=\"color: #ffffff; font-family: Gotham, sans-serif; text-align: center; background-color: var( --e-global-color-secondary ); font-size: 1rem;\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-family: poppins; font-size: 18pt; white-space: pre-wrap; text-align: left;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4d0441 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a4d0441\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-lg\" href=\"https:\/\/al-dirassa.com\/fr\/evaluation-essai-gratuit\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">JE R\u00c9SERVE MON ESSAI GRATUIT<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fiabilit\u00e9 du Hadith en tant que Source Historique : Analyse pour l\u2019Historien La m\u00e9thode moderne de critique historique, qui a \u00e9volu\u00e9 depuis l&rsquo;\u00e9poque de la Renaissance et des Lumi\u00e8res en Europe, a radicalement chang\u00e9 la mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;\u00e9valuer historiquement les sources bibliques dans les universit\u00e9s occidentales. Les histoires des proph\u00e8tes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transform\u00e9es en mythes religieux, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8704,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[837],"tags":[1052],"class_list":["post-8162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-islam-islamique-culture","tag-science-du-hadith"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fiabilit\u00e9 du Hadith en tant que Source Historique : Analyse pour l\u2019Historien - Institut Al-dirassa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00e9couvrez l&#039;utilit\u00e9 du Hadith en histoire : sa fiabilit\u00e9 et son r\u00f4le pour les chercheurs et historiens. 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