Relative pronouns in Arabic
اِسْمُ الْمَوْصُول

The subsequent phrase that accompanies the relative pronoun is termed: اَلصِّلَةُ.

 

This phrase complements and clarifies the meaning initiated by the relative pronoun.

 

If the relative pronoun alludes to any component of the اَلصِّلَةُ other than the subject, it necessitates reinforcement with an affixed pronoun known as: عَائِدٌ or رَاجِعٌ.

 

For example:

 

فَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ الَّتِي وَقُودُهَا النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ ۖ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْكَافِرِينَ 

 

 

 

 

then fear the Fire, whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for the disbelievers. (2:24)

 

 

النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ = صِلة

 

 

وَقُودُهَا  = راجِعٌ

 

 

الَّتِي = relative pronoun

 

Here هَا is the attached pronouns – راجِعٌ.

 

Illustrations used in the Holy Quran

 

 

وَلَوْ قَاتَلَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوَلَّوُا الْأَدْبَارَ

 

 

 

 

And if those [Makkans] who disbelieve had fought you, they would have turned their backs [in flight]. (48:22)

 

 

 

الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ

 

 

 

 

Those who have believed and done righteous deeds (13:29)

 

 

 

وَاللَّذَانِ يَأْتِيَانِهَا مِنكُمْ

 

 

 

 

And the two who commit it among you (4:16)

 

 

 

وَلَا تَسْتَوِي الْحَسَنَةُ وَلَا السَّيِّئَةُ ۚ ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ فَإِذَا الَّذِي بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ عَدَاوَةٌ كَأَنَّهُ وَلِيٌّ حَمِيمٌ

 

 

 

 

And not equal are the good deed and the bad. Repel [evil] by that [deed] which is better, and thereupon the one whom between you and him is enmity [will become] as though he was a devoted friend. (41:34)

 

 

 

وَاللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مِن نِّسَائِكُمْ

 

 

 

Those who commit unlawful sexual intercourse of your women(4:15)

 

 

 

 وَاللَّائِي يَئِسْنَ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ

 

 

 

 

And those who no longer expect menstruation among your women (65:4)

 

 

 

 

إِنْ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّائِي وَلَدْنَهُمْ

 

 

 

 

Their mothers are none but those who gave birth to them (58:2)